Excitonic Josephson effect in double-layer graphene junctions

We show that double-layer graphene (DLG), where an external potential induces a charge imbalance between nand p-type layers, is a promising candidate to realize an exciton condensate in equilibrium. To prove this phenomenon experimentally, we suggest coupling two DLG systems, separated by a thin insulating barrier, and measuring the excitonic Josephson effect. For this purpose we calculate the ac and dc Josephson currents induced by tunneling excitons and show that the former only occurs when the gate potentials of the DLG systems differ, irrespective of the phase relationship of their excitonic order parameters. A dc Josephson current develops if a finite order-parameter phase difference exists between two coupled DLG systems with identical gate potentials.